Chapter 13--Assessing Student Learning Instructional objectives Evaluation Authentic assessment Chapter 13--Assessing Student Learning What are instructional objectives? statement of skills or concepts students are expected to know at end of period of instruction performance conditions criteria Chapter 13--Assessing Student Learning Task analysis identify skills needed for tasks to be taught or assigned identify prerequisite skills identify component skills plan how component skills will be assembled into final skill Chapter 13--Assessing Student Learning Backward planning write broad objectives for whole course and work back to special behavioral objectives Chapter 13--Assessing Student Learning Bloom’s taxonomy of educational objectives knowledge comprehension application analysis synthesis evaluation Behavior content matrix reminds teacher to develop instructional objectives that address skills at various cognitive levels Research on instructional objectives helps organize teacher’s planning guides evaluation improve student achievement Why is evaluation important? feedback for students & teachers as information to parents, for selection, for accountability as incentive Types of evaluation formative vs. summative norm-referenced criterion-referenced authentic Six principles of achievement testing should measure learning objectives in harmony with instructional objectives should measure a representative sample of the learning tasks included in the instruction should include types of test items that are most appropriate for measuring the desired learning outcomes. should fit the particular uses that will be made of the results should be as reliable and interpreted with caution should improve learning Table of specifications listing objectives taught and different levels of understanding to be assessed. Types of test items multiple-choice true-false matching short essay problem-solving assessment What is authentic assessment? documentation of students’ ability to learn and ability to do something real with information and skills they have learned portfolio assessment performance assessment Scoring rubrics specify in advance type of performance that is expected for each rating Review Questions: What are instructional objectives? Why is evaluation important? How is student learning evaluated? How are tests constructed? What is authentic assessment?